Group+5

=Does the surface area of Zinc affect its chemical reaction's speed and heat energy?=

Question: Does the surface area of Zinc alter the speed of the chemical reaction of Zinc with Copper Sulphate? If so, does increasing the surface area make the chemical reaction speed increase or decrease, and does the heat energy being produced decrease or increase? Zinc (s) + Copper Sulphate (aq) → Zinc Sulphate (aq) + Copper (s) Hypothesis: Yes, altering the surface area of Zinc will influence the speed of the chemical reaction by increasing its speed and produced heat energy. This will happen because if there is a greater surface area then there is more of a 'area' for the atoms to collide, thus creating faster chemical reactions. Also, because a large amount of reactions will be happening, the heat energy produced will also increase.

Variables Independent: The chemical reaction between Zinc and Copper Sulphate Dependant: The speed of the chemical reaction, and the heat energy being produced Controlled: The reactants, as well as the mass of the reactants. (The surface area of the Zinc will be altered to show a change in the chemical reaction speed and energy)

Materials:
 * 4 Test tubes
 * Test tube rack
 * 2 Plastic pipettes
 * 1 Spatula
 * 1 Stopwatch
 * 1 Temperature Probe
 * 1 Laptop (with Logger-Pro)
 * Electronic balance
 * Zinc (8-solid granules and an equal mass of powdered Zinc)
 * Copper Sulphate (100mL of liquid form)

Method:
 * 1) Place one test tube on the tube rack, and fill it about a quarter with Copper Sulphate.
 * 2) Set up the Logger-Pro on a laptop and connect the probe to the laptop. Place the probe in the test tube, making sure that the probe is at the bottom of the test tube.
 * 3) Weigh 8 granules of Zinc in pairs, and record all of their masses. Try to have a group of Zinc with about the same weight.
 * 4) Have a partner standing ready with a stopwatch, who will record the time; starting from when the Zinc granules are submerged into the Copper Sulphate until the Zinc turns into Copper. This can be indicated by a change of colour from silver to red. Another partner should be holding the granules of Zinc above the test tube. Make sure to record the weight of the Zinc about to be dropped.
 * 5) Start the Logger-Pro, and wait a few seconds until you have a steady reading. Make sure to choose suitable intervals in which data should be collected.
 * 6) Have the partner holding the Zinc granules drop it into the Copper Sulphate, and the partner with the stopwatch should start the time when the Zinc is dropped. Watch until the Zinc turns to Copper (red), then stop your recording of time. Also make sure to stop the Logger-Pro once you can see the change in heat (if there is a change). Save your work.
 * 7) Repeat steps 1-2, and steps 4-6 three more times, to have a total of 4 trials. Once you have finished this part of the lab, clean all the materials you used and dry them quickly to move on.
 * 8) Look back over the recorded mass of the 4 pairs of Zinc granules, and now create 4 piles of powdered Zinc. Make sure that each pile of powdered Zinc is equal to the weight of one of the pairs.
 * 9) Repeat steps 1-2.
 * 10) Have a partner standing ready with a stopwatch, who will record the time; starting from when the powdered Zinc is submerged into the Copper Sulphate until the Zinc turns into Copper. This can be indicated by a change of colour from silver to red. Another partner should be holding a pile of powdered Zinc above the test tube, using the spatula. Record the weight of the powdered Zinc about to be dropped.
 * 11) Start the Logger-Pro, and wait a few seconds until you have a steady reading. Make sure to choose suitable intervals in which data should be collected.
 * 12) Have the partner holding the powdered Zinc drop it into the Copper Sulphate, and the partner with the stopwatch should start the time when the Zinc is dropped. Watch until the Zinc turns to Copper (red), then stop your recording of time. Also make sure to stop the Logger-Pro once you can see the change in heat (if there is a change). Save your work.
 * 13) Repeat steps 9-12 three more times, to have a total of 4 trials.
 * 14) Save your work from the Logger-Pro, and make sure that all of you trials have a initial temperature, the temperature after the reaction, the time it took for the reaction, and the weight of the granules/powdered Zinc.
 * 15) Clean all the items that you used, and place all the materials back in the appropriate places.

Note: When comparing your data, make sure to compare the Zinc and powdered Zinc to their mass equivalents. For example, if you have Zinc: 4.055g and 4.060g and powdered Zinc: 4.055g and 4.060g, compare the two 4.055g samples and the two 4.060g samples.

P = Powder//__**
 * Data Collection:**
 * __//L = Lumps

Table 1: The time/temperature relationship between zinc lumps/powder and copper sulphate

**
 * Figure 1**
 * Figure 2

Group 5 Peer Review
Our hypothesis was achieved. The lumps of zinc had much less surface area compared to the powdered zinc, because each granule of zinc provided its own surface area to the entire mass of powder whereas the lumps only had one surface area. The reaction that occurred when we combined the copper sulfate and a zinc lump produced a temperature of 22 to 25 degrees Celsius, but the powder with the same weight as the lump produced a temperature of 42 to 45 degrees Celsius. The speed also varied, but because we only had two different things to measure, there were only two differentiating speeds. The lumps of zinc reacted slowly and the slope was close to 0; the powder reacted quickly and shot up after only two or three seconds of exposure to the copper sulfate. Our hypothesis was correct on both counts that a greater surface area provided both a faster reaction and a higher temperature for the zinc powder.
 * Conclusion:**

Evaluation: